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A tractor is an engineering vehicle specifically designed to provide high tractive effort (or torque) at slow speed, for the purpose of pulling a trailer or machinery used for example in agriculture, mining, or construction. Most commonly, the term is used to describe a farm vehicle that provides power and traction to mechanize agricultural tasks, particularly (and originally) tillage, but nowadays a wide variety of tasks. Agricultural implements can be towed behind or mounted on the tractor, and also, if the implement is mechanical, the tractor can provide a power source.
The first agricultural electrical appliances in the early 19th century were portable engines—wheeled steam engines that could be used to power mechanical agricultural machinery via a flexible belt. Richard Trevithick designed the first "semi-portable" stationary steam engine for agricultural use, known as the "barn engine", in 1812 and was used to power a corn thresher. [5] The truly portable engine was invented in 1893 by William Tuxford of Boston, Lincolnshire, who began producing an engine built around a horizontal smoke tube locomotive-style boiler. A large flywheel was mounted on the crankshaft and a thick leather belt was used to transfer the drive to the driven equipment. In the 1850s, John Fowler used a Clayton & Shuttleworth portable engine to drive apparatuses at the first public demonstrations of the application of cable transportation to cultivation.